{"id":10898,"date":"2019-12-18T11:47:08","date_gmt":"2019-12-18T14:47:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/?p=10898"},"modified":"2021-09-08T11:12:06","modified_gmt":"2021-09-08T14:12:06","slug":"formula-molecular-empirica-y-estructural","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/?p=10898","title":{"rendered":"F\u00f3rmula molecular, emp\u00edrica y estructural"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Los compuestos moleculares est\u00e1n formados por mol\u00e9culas que a su vez contienen cantidades determinadas de \u00e1tomos unidos por enlaces covalentes. Estos compuestos se representan mediante una f\u00f3rmula qu\u00edmica, es decir, una representaci\u00f3n simb\u00f3lica que indica los elementos presentes y el n\u00famero de \u00e1tomos de cada elemento.<\/em><\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>F\u00f3rmula emp\u00edrica<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>F\u00f3rmula molecular<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>F\u00f3rmula estructural<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; vertical-align: top;\"><strong>\u00bfQu\u00e9 representa?<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>La <strong>cantidad simplificada<\/strong> de \u00e1tomos que conforman la mol\u00e9cula.<\/td>\n<td>La <strong>cantidad real <\/strong>de \u00e1tomos que conforman la mol\u00e9cula.<\/td>\n<td>La <strong>estructura<\/strong> de la mol\u00e9culas y <strong>distribuci\u00f3n espacial<\/strong> de sus \u00e1tomos.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; vertical-align: top;\"><strong>\u00bfQu\u00e9 muestra?<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>Los tipos de \u00e1tomos.<\/li>\n<li>Cantidad relativa de \u00e1tomos.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>Los tipos de \u00e1tomos.<\/li>\n<li>Cantidad real de \u00e1tomos.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td>\n<ul>\n<li>Los tipos de \u00e1tomos.<\/li>\n<li>Los enlaces que los unen.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; vertical-align: top;\"><strong>Expresi\u00f3n matem\u00e1tica<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>F\u00f3rmula emp\u00edrica (FE) = F\u00f3rmula molecular (FM) \/ n<\/td>\n<td>F\u00f3rmula molecular (FM)= F\u00f3rmula emp\u00edrica (FE) . n<\/td>\n<td>No posee.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; vertical-align: top;\"><strong>Ejemplo 1:\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Glucosa<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/latex.codecogs.com\/gif.latex?CH_{2}O\" alt=\"CH_{2}O\" align=\"absmiddle\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>n = 6 (m\u00faltiplo calculado experimentalmente)<\/p>\n<p>FE = C<sub>6<\/sub>H<sub>12<\/sub>O<sub>6<\/sub> \/ 6 = CH<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/td>\n<td><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/latex.codecogs.com\/gif.latex?C_{6}H_{12}O_{6}\" alt=\"C_{6}H_{12}O_{6}\" align=\"absmiddle\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>n = 6 (m\u00faltiplo calculado experimentalmente)<\/p>\n<p>FM = 6 (CH<sub>2<\/sub>O) = C<sub>6<\/sub>H<sub>12<\/sub>O<sub>6<\/sub><\/td>\n<td><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/C6H12O6.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"208\" height=\"99\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; vertical-align: top;\"><strong>Ejemplo 2:\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Agua<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/latex.codecogs.com\/gif.latex?H_{2}O\" alt=\"H_{2}O\" align=\"absmiddle\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>FE coincide con FM.<\/td>\n<td><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/latex.codecogs.com\/gif.latex?H_{2}O\" alt=\"H_{2}O\" align=\"absmiddle\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>FM coincide con FE.<\/td>\n<td><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Agua.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"126\" height=\"43\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center; vertical-align: top;\"><strong>Ejemplo 3:\u00a0<\/strong><strong>Amoniaco<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/latex.codecogs.com\/gif.latex?NH_{3}\" alt=\"NH_{3}\" align=\"absmiddle\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>FE coincide con FM.<\/td>\n<td><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/latex.codecogs.com\/gif.latex?NH_{3}\" alt=\"NH_{3}\" align=\"absmiddle\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>FM coincide con FE.<\/td>\n<td><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/Amoniaco.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"119\" height=\"124\" \/><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Los compuestos moleculares est\u00e1n formados por mol\u00e9culas que a su vez contienen cantidades determinadas de \u00e1tomos unidos por enlaces covalentes. Estos compuestos se representan mediante una f\u00f3rmula qu\u00edmica, es decir, una representaci\u00f3n simb\u00f3lica que indica los elementos presentes y el n\u00famero de \u00e1tomos de cada elemento.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8686,13,21],"tags":[3178,3581,9063,3176,7043,9064,108,9062,4856,466,5203],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10898"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10898"}],"version-history":[{"count":12,"href":"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10898\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19383,"href":"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10898\/revisions\/19383"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10898"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10898"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10898"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}