{"id":16498,"date":"2020-09-04T16:58:11","date_gmt":"2020-09-04T19:58:11","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/?p=16498"},"modified":"2020-09-16T09:35:32","modified_gmt":"2020-09-16T12:35:32","slug":"capitulo-5-ejercicios-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/?p=16498","title":{"rendered":"CAP\u00cdTULO 5 \/ EJERCICIOS"},"content":{"rendered":"<h1><strong>LOS SERES VIVOS Y LA C\u00c9LULA | EJERCICIOS<\/strong><\/h1>\n<h2>TEOR\u00cdA CELULAR<\/h2>\n<h3>1. Describe brevemente la contribuci\u00f3n de los siguientes cient\u00edficos a la teor\u00eda celular:<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Robert Hooke: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Antony Van Leeuwenhoek: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Mattias Schleiden: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Rudolf Virchow: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>August Weismann: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>2. Has un resumen de las cuatro premisas de la teor\u00eda celular.<\/h3>\n<p>1.____________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>2.____________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>3.____________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>4.____________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<h2>la c\u00e9lula y sus partes<\/h2>\n<h3>1. Completa las siguientes oraciones.<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Casi todas las c\u00e9lulas est\u00e1n formadas por tres partes: la ___________________________<strong>, <\/strong>el\u00a0<strong>____________\u00a0<\/strong>y el\u00a0<strong> ___________________.<\/strong><\/li>\n<li>El citoplasma se encuentra\u00a0entre la\u00a0<strong>__________________ <\/strong>y el<strong> ______________<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>La pared celular solo se encuentra en las c\u00e9lulas _______________________.<\/li>\n<li>El citoesqueleto proporciona\u00a0<strong>_______________<\/strong>\u00a0dentro de una c\u00e9lula.<\/li>\n<li>Las ______________ y _______________ son sacos utilizados para el almacenamiento de alimentos, agua, desechos y otros materiales dentro de c\u00e9lulas eucariotas.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2. Marca con una equis (x) los org\u00e1nulos celulares que forman parte del citoplasma.<\/h3>\n<p>(\u00a0 ) Mitocondrias.<\/p>\n<p>(\u00a0 ) Pared celular.<\/p>\n<p>(\u00a0 ) Ribosomas.<\/p>\n<p>(\u00a0 ) N\u00facleo.<\/p>\n<p>(\u00a0 ) Aparato de Golgi.<\/p>\n<p>(\u00a0 ) Membrana plasmatica.<\/p>\n<p>(\u00a0 ) Centriolos.<\/p>\n<h2>tipos celulares y nutrici\u00f3n<\/h2>\n<h3>1. \u00bfCu\u00e1l es la diferencia entre la c\u00e9lula procariota y la eucariota?<\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>C\u00e9lula procariota<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>C\u00e9lula eucariota<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>2. Escribe el nombre de cada uno de los siguientes tipos de heter\u00f3trofos y descr\u00edbelos brevemente.<\/h3>\n<table style=\"width: 700px;\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 269.5px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-16565\" src=\"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/parasito.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"209\" height=\"75\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 388.5px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 269.5px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-16568\" src=\"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/S.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"209\" height=\"75\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 388.5px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 269.5px;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-16569\" src=\"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/humano.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"209\" height=\"75\" \/><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 388.5px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2>niveles de organizaci\u00f3n<\/h2>\n<h3>1. Completa con los niveles de organizaci\u00f3n de los seres vivos.<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-16571 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/A.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1293\" height=\"690\" srcset=\"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/A.jpg 1293w, https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/A-300x160.jpg 300w, https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/A-768x410.jpg 768w, https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/A-1024x546.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1293px) 100vw, 1293px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3>2. Define los siguientes t\u00e9rminos:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Poblaci\u00f3n:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Comunidad:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ecosistema:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Biosfera:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>___________________________________________________________________________________________<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>microscopios<\/h2>\n<h3>1. Indica a qu\u00e9 componente del microscopio corresponden las siguientes caracter\u00edsticas.<\/h3>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Componente<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Caracter\u00edsticas<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">Se conecta a la base y soporta la cabeza del microscopio. Tambi\u00e9n se utiliza para transportar el microscopio.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">Lugar por donde se observa el objeto. Se encuentra en la parte superior. Normalmente, tienen un poder de aumento de 10x.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">Alberga las partes \u00f3pticas en la parte superior del microscopio.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">Plataforma plana donde se coloca el portaobjetos.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">Lentes \u00f3pticas primarias en un microscopio. Generalmente se encuentran tres o cuatro de ellos en un microscopio, con rangos de 10X, 40X y hasta 100X de potencia.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">Sostiene el microscopio y aloja el iluminador.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">Sujetan las diapositivas en el lugar adecuado.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">Fuente de luz fija utilizada en lugar de un espejo; generalmente est\u00e1 situado en la base del microscopio.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">\u00a0Se encarga de enfocar la luz sobre la muestra.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3>2. Indica cu\u00e1les son los pasos a seguir para usar el microscopio correctamente.<\/h3>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>UNIDAD DE VIDA: \u00bfLOS VIRUS SON SERES VIVOS?<\/h2>\n<h3>1.\u00a0Indica si las siguientes afirmaciones son verdaderas (V) o falsas (F). Justifica tu respuesta en los casos falsos.<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Un virus es una\u00a0entidad biol\u00f3gica\u00a0de gran tama\u00f1o y composici\u00f3n compleja que puede multiplicarse s\u00f3lo en\u00a0c\u00e9lulas vivas de animales,\u00a0plantas o bacterias. (\u00a0 )<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Todos los virus contienen una capa proteica que cubre el genoma llamada c\u00e1pside.\u00a0(\u00a0 )<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Los virus pueden generar o almacenar energ\u00eda\u00a0en forma de trifosfato de adenosina (ATP). (\u00a0 )<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>En los seres humanos los virus causan enfermedades como la parotiditis, la varicela, la gripe y el SIDA.\u00a0(\u00a0 )<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>La verdadera parte infecciosa de cualquier virus es su\u00a0\u00e1cido nucleico, ya sea ADN o ARN. (\u00a0 )<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Los virus pueden reproducirse y llevar a cabo procesos metab\u00f3licos sin una c\u00e9lula hu\u00e9sped. (\u00a0 )<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<p>______________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/p>\n<h3>2. Indica cu\u00e1les son las tres categor\u00edas en las que se clasifican los virus.<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>___________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/li>\n<li>___________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/li>\n<li>___________________________________________________________________________________________________<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3. Coloca los nombres de las siguientes formas virales.<\/h3>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-16589 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Formas-virales.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1176\" height=\"585\" srcset=\"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Formas-virales.png 1176w, https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Formas-virales-300x149.png 300w, https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Formas-virales-768x382.png 768w, https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Formas-virales-1024x509.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1176px) 100vw, 1176px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>LOS SERES VIVOS Y LA C\u00c9LULA | EJERCICIOS TEOR\u00cdA CELULAR 1. Describe brevemente la contribuci\u00f3n de los siguientes cient\u00edficos a la teor\u00eda celular: Robert Hooke: ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ Antony Van Leeuwenhoek: ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ Mattias Schleiden: ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ Rudolf Virchow: ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ August Weismann: ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Has un resumen de las &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/?p=16498\" class=\"more-link\">Continu\u00e1 leyendo <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">CAP\u00cdTULO 5 \/ EJERCICIOS<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11139],"tags":[5304,1062,11184,11185,8823,9293,10016,5182,4609,11187,5125,9927,11186,8509,11183,1543,11182,247],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16498"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16498"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16498\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16617,"href":"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16498\/revisions\/16617"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16498"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16498"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/elbibliote.com\/resources\/articulosdestacados\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16498"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}